Accounting as an Information System, Hasstrengths and Weaknesses

The Disadvantages of Accounting Information Systems 1. An accounting information system is designed for businesses to use for recording their financial transactions. Information is entered, processed, stored and distributed through this type of system. Accounting information systems have many benefits; however, there are also some disadvantages to them. Learning the System 2. Learning an accounting information system can often be difficult and time-consuming. Individuals must be trained on a system, and this can cause a disadvantage to companies in terms of time and manpower.An accounting information system is made up of many different components, and almost all systems are computerized. Because of their complexity, some people may find them hard to use. It can take weeks or months for a person to understand an accounting system, and usually the individual still does not understand completely what the system is capable of. If the employee quits working at the organization, it can tak e weeks or months, once again, to train another employee. Loss of Information 3.Accounting information systems are usually computerized. Because of this, there is always a risk of losing information through power outages or system crashes. When this happens, there is a chance that all the information in the system could be lost. Companies take precautions for this problem by backing up their files regularly and performing standard maintenance on all computer systems. They also install anti-virus software as another precaution. Still, none of these steps eliminates the potential problem that may occur.Accounting information systems store a company's financial information for years. If a system crash occurs, it causes a major disadvantage to the company. All, or some, information is lost, and there's a chance it may never be recovered. Re-evaluation 4. Companies often change their way of doing business to keep up with the latest trends. To keep up in a demanding business world, these changes may impact an accounting system. An accounting information system is difficult to set up because every company is unique in its own way.In order to keep up with changes, accounting information systems must be re-evaluated often. Changes often need to be made in a system in order to process information efficiently. This can be a disadvantage to companies because it takes time for the re-evaluation, and it costs moneyRead more: The Disadvantages of Accounting Information Systems | eHow. com http://www. ehow. com/list_6767205_disadvantages-accounting-information-systems. html#ixzz17DVgqkpH By Jennifer VanBaren, eHow Contributor updated: July 24, 2010

Explore the ways in which writers present strong feelings to interest the reader or audience

Various techniques are used by writers to present strong feelings which evoke emotion from the reader or audience. Literary techniques are used in great lengths to both emphasise strong feelings in a literary piece and to also evoke strong feelings from an audience. The techniques embody language, structure and form. The experimentation of structure and poetic techniques used by writers create strong feelings within both the contemporary and present audience, ensuring audiences were and always will be interested in the literary piece.In the prologue of the play ‘Romeo and Juliet’ the audience learn that two dignified households in the city of Verona hold an ‘’ancient grudge’’ towards each other, which remains a source of the violent conflict which is central to the play. It can be suggested that hatred has grown stronger over a long period of time. Similarly, the structure of the poem undermined traditional Elizabethan sonnets which were tradit ionally love poems. Shakespeare’s, however, changed this form to show hatred, violence, conflict and death to foreshadow the ending of ‘Romeo and Juliet’.An Elizabethan audience would have recognised this, creating a feeling of excitement and curiosity within them. Likewise in ‘sonnet 43’ Browning has also undermined the traditional form of a sonnet to create religious imagery to describe her lover. Browning’s sonnet discusses and compares her strong feelings for her lover and as her description develops she illustrates that she loves him with the emotions of an entire life from childhood right through to death. ‘’I love thee with the breath, smiles, tears, of all my life!– And, if God choose, I shall love thee better after death’’. She worships her lover with all her heart and respects him much more than she does her religion. He touches all aspects of her life and gives meaning to her whole existence. The au dience would be shocked as during the Victorian era religion was paramount in the lives of the people. However, it is not just love for one person that is described but the feeling of love itself. Similarly, as Romeo and Juliet become innocent victims of an atrocious ‘‘strife’’ between their families when they ‘’take their lives’’.Considerably, the poet evokes strong feelings towards the emotion of love when Browning is describing the intensity of religion and the link between death and love, as Shakespeare does when he links the idea of love and death in the prologue, allowing both the audience and the reader to openly question the content without profanity. In the play ‘Romeo and Juliet’ segregated from society is a dominant feeling and a reoccurring theme. Romeo and Juliet go to extreme lengths to preserve their love together.They did this as according to Elizabethan society it was nor their ‘Fate’ nor ‘Destiny’ to ever be together. Therefore by choosing to be together consequences to them both mocking society. Juliet was Romeos second love which is ironic and therefore mocks society because Elizabethans believed in fate and destiny and that you could only ever love one person. If you loved again you weren’t really in love or you previous relationship wasn’t love but lust. Romeo’s feelings power his actions contradicting the Elizabethan norm which would undoubtedly evoke strong feelings such as disgust and shock from the audience.Alternatively in the poem ‘My last duchess’ the writer evokes strong feelings from the reader by focusing on the dominance and control of the Duke towards his wife. The audience in this case is this the ambassador acting on behalf of Ferdinand referred to in the poem as ‘The Count, your master’ but in reality it is the reader. This makes the reader feel rebellious as they are ‘eavesdroppin g’ on an interesting conversation. This completely contrasts to Romeos relationship with Juliet. They respect and accept each other as equals whereas the Duke doesn’t respect his wife or even acknowledge her.The duke refers to his wife, not by her name, by ‘she’. A contemporary reader would accept this as men were the dominant spouse. ‘’Half flushed that dies along the throat’’. This is ironic as it is said that the duke killed or had his wife killed, we could interpret that he beheaded or had her beheaded. This would surprise the reader as the duke earlier in the poem he compliments his wife, calling her a ‘wonder’. Although his words and actions are brutal the duke would have been accepted by society as men were believed to be higher than women.Romeo and Juliet’s love was not accepted by an Elizabethan society but they choose to ignore their friends and family, therefore appalling their audiences and mocking their entire beliefs. In the play Romeo and Juliet confusion, doubt and uncertainty are common emotions. During the balcony scene Juliet is speaking her mind unaware that Romeo had been listening. ‘’Be sworn my love, and I shall no longer be a Capulet’’. She would disown her family to be with Romeo, someone whom she had just met. This would have stunned an Elizabethan audience as she came from a rich, well respected family.There is more confusion when Juliet’s feelings change, ‘’ it is too rash, too unadvised, too sudden’’. Shakespeare uses the ‘rule of three’ to emphasise on the word ‘too’. He does this to show how strong Juliet’s doubt towards Romeo is. An Elizabethan audience would be confused as to how she could change her mind as they believed in love at first sight and this was going against that belief. Shakespeare mocks his entire society though his characters by showing them that fate and destiny is not written in the stars but is decided by you.Equally, in the poem ‘The Laboratory’ there is a lot of confusion between the character and the reader. The woman in the poem is searching for the perfect poison to commit a murder. She cannot seem to decide what poison she would like and is distracted by the â€Å"exquisite blue† colours of the poisons. ‘’Yonder soft phial†¦ sure to taste sweetly, – is that poison too? ’’. Her actions are very child-like and due to her frequent change of mind the reader will begin to doubt her motive and seriousness.The reader feels confused at her motives and could assume the poem is comic and not serious. By using a question mark, the poet emphasises the protagonists confused mind. This confusion is further highlighted by the â€Å"-â€Å"which separates the question from the rest of the stanza and draws it to the attention of the reader. Clearly, Shakespeare and Mr and Mrs Browning all convey strong emotion to the audience and readers whether it is through language, structure or form. This is one of the main reasons why their literature has lasted and is greatly treasured.

Book Summary The Goal Processes and Operations

The Goal Processes and Operations Key Idea The main message of the book is that the proper way to manage any operation, whether it’s a manufacturing plant or a web design shop or a clothing store, is to: 1) Identify what needs to be changed. 2) Identify what it should be changed to. 3) Identify how to execute the change. Summary This story is based around the life of Alex Rogo, Plant Manager for Uniware, which is a division of Unico. After some very upsetting customer approaches Alex’s boss, Bill Peach, is given a challenge to turn the plant around in three months. Due to the limited amount of time available, there are not many outside tools available such as consultants, surveys, and so on. With very few hopes, Alex foresees the inevitable until he remembers his conversation with Jonah, a physicist who Alex knew from a previous job. It is not until Alex’s job is in at risk that he decides to devour into his conversation with Jonah. During the conversation, Jonah asks him several questions to analyze his company’s situation. The conversation leads ultimately to the question, What is the goal of any business? After rethinking his conversation, Alex realizes that the goal of any business is to make money. Furthermore, if the goal is to make money any action toward this goal is considered productive and any action not moving towards the goal is nonproductive. Alex was unsure of such a simple answer and decided to contact Jonah to continue the search for more answers. Once Alex contacts Jonah they define the following measurements to define the success of any plant’s production: 1) Throughout = rate that the system is used to generate money through sales. This measurement would consist of what a product would be worth when sold at market value after deducting operational expense and inventory. 2) Inventory = all the money invested in purchasing items that will be sold. This could include the remains of their machines after being used toward the investment. 3) Operational expense = all the money used to turn inventory into output. This would include such items as depreciation of a machine, lubricating oil, scraps, etc. Jonah explains to Alex that a plant that is continuously productive is considered inefficient. He further explains that continuous production will result in high absenteeism, poor quality and employee turnover. Based on this, he would need to reduce operational expense and inventory to improve throughput to demonstrate a balanced line of production. Jonah leaves him to think about the understanding of two things: what are the dependent events and statistical fluctuations in his plant. During a hiking trip with Alex’s son, he produces a game for a few of the kids to demonstrate an ideal balance line of production. He does this by setting up dependents and uses a die to measure the statistical fluctuations. At the end of the game, he concluded that the bottleneck’s speed of production is what determines the speed of the other dependents. Therefore, inventory moves very slowly because of statistical fluctuations. In the end, this is where Alex began his search inside the plant. After arriving back at work, he and the crew began their search for the bottlenecks. They identify one of the robots, NCX-10, and the heat treatment area as the source of the bottlenecks. Once identified, they began their search for solving them. After following some simple steps they significantly increased production by 12% during the first two months and 20% in the third month. Based on these increases, Alex saves the plant and his got promoted to Bill Peach’s position. Besides the ongoing theme of saving the plant, there is an underlying story about Alex’s personal life. In the beginning Alex’s wife, Julie, and him are constantly arguing about Alex working late in attempts of saving the plant which flows over into not spending any time with his family. Within the first 100 pages of the book, his wife leaves him, after being exhausted of all attempts to save their marriage. However, during his search for reclaiming the plant he does the same with his marriage. I think that the author is telling the audience that there must be a balance between these two lives. It is important for both to be in harmony because eventually they will flow in and out of each environment. Lessons Learned What I enjoyed the most about this book was the layout. It consisted of telling a story about Alex in a novel form, which included dialog, plot, etc. By making the book in this way it broke the specifics down for a layperson, Alex. After all, Alex represents the average person job going down the tube and marriage shortly following it. The source of the problem the whole time was following the rules that were and are continuously engraved into us each day. What I learned about this book is that you should not let your business and processes control you and lead you. Instead, you should be constantly criticizing and reviewing your processes and not settling for any bottlenecks or sticking points. Another major theme in the novel is that the point of a business is to make money, and more specifically, to make a profit. The way to do this is not to create as much as possible, but instead to run as efficiently as possible. That might require making drastic changes to common practices, things that on paper seem like they will hurt the bottom line. For example, in the book, they discover they’re running their manufacturing plant at 80% capacity. That means 20% of the time, they have machines and people just sitting there doing nothing. So they tell their sales manager to get them 20% more work. He says that they can only get it from a client who wants it at below cost, so they would lose money. But Alex convinces him that they only have materials as costs, as they have people doing nothing currently who are getting paid, so their time is not an additional expense. I thought this was very interesting. Application This book would be ideal for anyone interested in simplifying ways to improving any process whether it is manufacturing or service oriented. These back to basics principles, help break down what has become common practice.

Women Labor supply in China Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Women Labor supply in China - Research Paper Example Additionally, it was punishable by job loss, and also lack of access to public goods further to that local leaders have been supported by the central Government to implement the resources (Chen and Jianxian 15).   This paper discusses the impact of an extra child to female participation in the workforce and the one-child policy effects in China. The difference between the rural and urban in the implementation of the policies is that the optimal scales differ in both setups. In rular areas, Budget constraints are higher as compared to urban centers. The same case applies in China.Hypothesis and Research Model In class we learnt on the budget constraint and utility curve model. In the graph, X-axis have the leisure and Y-axis has the income. In the original situation, before the policy was passed, the graph was linear. However, the establishment of the policy led to a shift of the optimal choice. Women participation in the workforce will provide a possibility of an increment of their wages. Ultimately, an increase in the wages will result in more leisure time and hence the shift of the curve. When income increases budget constraints will also be reduced, consequently from the graph, the optimal choice will be higher than the original value. For example, if the budget of a family made up of twins was ten dollars in a day, if the woman is actively involved in the workforce the budget will increase since preferences will also increase. This is because of the budget constraint.

Future of vessel traffic services (VTS) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Future of vessel traffic services (VTS) - Essay Example Non-surveilled systems consist of one or more reporting points at which ships are required to report their identity, course, speed, and other data to the monitoring authority. They encompass a wide range of techniques and capabilities aimed at preventing vessel collisions, ramming, and groundings in the harbor, harbor approach and inland waterway phase of navigation. They are also designed to expedite ship movements, increase transportation system efficiency, and improve all-weather operating capability. The Automatic Identification and Data Management System AIMS 7100 - the product of a joint venture between Daimler-Benz Aerospace and Marine Data Systems - is the latest development of a highly sophisticated vessel traffic information system (VTS). Litton Marine Systems has introduced a new IMO-compliant vessel traffic system (VTS) for locks, bridges, ports and coastal waters. VTS-Master-W is a new system utilizing commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) hardware and proprietary software running under Windows-98/NT. The Vessel Traffic Management will be able to get real-time remote display of raw video data from shore-based surveillance radars superimposed on geographical maps of the area. The Coast Guard Vessel Traffic System (VTS) is active in four major U. S. ports: New York, Puget Sound (Seattle), San Francisco and Houston/Galveston. They upgrade their software installed for VTS twice a year. Recent developments included a new Vessel Maintenance Form and improvements to radar tracking. A multiyear radar recapitalization project is in progress, replacing old, unsupportable radars with the new AN/SPS-73. Norcontrol IT has announced the introduction of C-Scope, a groundbreaking 3D VTS and AIS operator display, designed to increase flexibility of vessel and consignment tracking on sea and land areas. The sophisticated display is able to visualise data from any tracking system and provides unique flexibility in that a VTMIS operator may view the service area from literally anywhere, including onboard a vessel. The Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) is the first organisation to use the display and has already taken delivery as part of the UK AIS network program. same radar used for replacement on the cutters. Future Plans VTS already has most of the technology available for its implementation. some advances may change the way future systems are designed and operated. Technologies like range from advances in electronic charting to precise positioning techniques and automatic ship-to-ship and ship-to-shore identification are expected. A number of advances, in combination, may make the automatic plotting of vessel locations, identification, and movements' possible using a laptop device on board and being equipped with proper transponders. These automated systems could replace the costly radar surveillance of large port regions. The global positioning system (GPS) and differential GPS (DGPS) is already available in ports and waterways today. The DGPS system combined with an electronic chart is the

Prevention to Threats and Attacks on Computer Network Assignment

Prevention to Threats and Attacks on Computer Network - Assignment Example An IDS based signature monitors the network for packets and compares them against signatures or known threats in the database. Tremendous increase of services and information that is sensitive on networks has made security very important. However, the more network technologies have developed, the more network attacks have increased in severity and numbers. Intrusion detection systems (IDS) can effectively provide network security by preventing, detecting, and possibly fighting attacks. Such systems monitor sources of activities while employing various security techniques. Therefore, they ought to be precise in quickly defining attacks, in training and generating very few positives. Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS) monitor networks for intrusions or attacks, reporting them to the administrator for necessary activity. A NIDS server that is large enough may be created on a backbone of network, to check and asses all traffic; or other smaller systems may be created to check or asses traffic for a specific server, gateway, switch, or router. The computing environment is constantly evolving and this demands Intrusion detection products to aid in managing attacks in this changing environment. Threats can be individuals or groups that wish to compromise a computer system such as disgruntled employees, rival companies or even foreign governments and their attacks can be devastating on the network systems. Intrusion attacks are those where an attacker enters ones network to read, damage, and/or steal data (Albitz 1992). These attacks can be divided into two: Port scans: A scanner is a program that probes a system remotely to establish which TCP/UPD ports are open and if they are subject to attacks. It identifies a computer at risk within the network, find the services that are installed on the computer, and show weaknesses in operation (Hudson KURT and Stewart Michael.

The Main Codes Of Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Main Codes Of Ethics - Essay Example There is a difference however in the two groups codes when it comes to whether the principles are obligatory or aspirational. The ASPA's code is much shorter than the ACA's. If you were to ask the author of the ASPA's code if the principles were obligatory, he or she would probably say yes. However, because there is so little detail, the principles are really more aspirational. They do not cover specific situations (unlike the ACA's) and they are full of generalities. The ACA's code is much more specific and lays out what counselors should do when they are faced with various scenarios. This is a better form of guidance. ACA code A2a talks about Informed Consent—this is something much more specific than in the ASPA's code. This difference is noticeable as well in terms of illustrative versus exhaustive elements. The ACA's is exhaustive. It is long and complex and can be used in disciplinary hearings in order to punish counselors who go astray. It details what is appropriate and what is not appropriate regarding relationships with patients. The ASPA's code is not exhaustive. It isn't really illustrative either. It just lays out a few general ground rules. The sad truth is that we need such codes of ethics. Without them, each of these organizations would have trouble with their members. Codes of ethics bind together members. In today's world ethical relativism dominates so it is important to have codes that are carefully written down and that are exhaustive and detailed such as the ACA's. What is ethical relativism?

Microsoft Corporation as an Example of a Monopoly Assignment

Microsoft Corporation as an Example of a Monopoly - Assignment Example The author of the paper states that as a protagonist of monopoly championed this practice for cartels as they maintain that its existence leads to an increase in the number of research and development projects as they earn more profits. Although, the companies operate solely in the market and get the high return it does not invest the funds for research and development. Microsoft Corporation as an example of a monopoly has not shown considerable investment in the field of research and development as thought (Jones and Sufrin 573). On the contrary, as a result of obtaining patent rights companies that operate under monopoly, including Microsoft do not have any incentives to innovate other new varieties of products that specialize in the one. Because of these, many countries impose a limit on the number of years companies can hold to their patent of rights (Salanià © 188).  Microsoft’s research and development is mainly because of its competitors but once these competitors wh o operate server operating system market stops Microsoft Company will also no longer see the benefit of carrying out more research and development as it has already come up with a lock-in effect strategy on its customers. Through this strategy, Microsoft can effectively engage its customers in homogenous solutions made by Microsoft worldwide. It is, therefore, definite that monopoly companies do not wish to spend the large amounts of profits it accumulates in research and development. Without a doubt, these monopoly companies would be adamant to produce only those products that are conducive and acceptable to the consumer rather than being innovative and make new products for its customers.

Architecture and the Environment Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Architecture and the Environment Paper - Essay Example Narrow rooms with low ceilings make people feel suffocated. People feel uneasy being in such places. On the other hand, voluminous rooms with high ceilings lend a sense of freedom and openness to the people. If the employees in an office are granted separate rooms with boundaries between adjacent rooms, they feel more relaxed as compared to being in the room where there are several employees with no walls marking the boundaries of their spaces. Hence, they tend to be more careful and reserved when they cough, sneeze, or even talk over the mobile phone than when granted individual rooms. The environmental psychological implications of commercial and residential design, including purpose and considerations â€Å"Environmental psychology is a science that studies how human behavior is influenced by the environment. The environment in this context comprises social, natural, constructed, learning and information settings† (Tipton, 2012). The environmental psychological implications of the commercial design include but are not limited to privacy and noise pollution. People don’t like to live in places where there are a lot of shops because such places remain crowded, and are not very peaceful. The commercial design should be such that it should provide the customers with appropriate parking spaces so that they do not park their cars in front of others’ homes. The commercial design should allow for the construction of toilets. The acoustical design of a cinema or club needs to be designed properly so as to ensure that the sound does not pass through the walls to reach the people living in the surroundings of the building. The environmental psychological implications of the residential design are numerous. The biggest concern in the residential design is privacy. For example, the window sills in the toilets should be high enough to block external viewers from looking inside the toilet. The windows in the rooms should be located such that the conten ts of the room are not visible to the neighbors. The exterior paint of the house should be attuned to the general trend, or it looks odd and destroys the color theme of the area. The purpose of providing windows in homes is both ventilation and illumination of the rooms with natural light, but when these windows become the unintended means to sneak into the neighbors’ private life, their change of location must be considered or may be demanded by the neighbors seriously. â€Å"Architects are practical visionaries with an ability to project possibilities and to connect knowledge with action† (Glyphis, 2001, p. 10). It is the responsibility of an architect to make environmentally responsible design in all sorts of construction works. The importance of architectural development supporting sustainable development Architectural development supporting sustainable development is a topic of immense importance in the present age where people are concerned about running short of natural resources, and the increase of global warming, and where living green is encouraged at all levels. Construction, whether residential or commercial, is one of the main areas where natural resources are required. Architecture creates several challenges for sustainability. It

Baring the body, exploring pornography Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Baring the body, exploring pornography - Essay Example For instance, it threatens the family, the well-being of a woman and the community in overall. Therefore, feminists agitate for the control of the sexually explicit images. Specifically, the group allied against porn activities in Indianapolis shares a vision of the sexuality terrain of the female victimization and degradation. None in the group offers the view of the female sexual subjectivity, joy in the sexual arena or of the female power (Duggan & Hunter, 1995). Therefore, I consider the Song of the Wind and Trees (Kaze to ki no uta) not pornographic. The emphasis on the song is on the feelings more than the actions. The show contains the â€Å"shounen-ai† or the â€Å"yaoi† materials that means ‘boy’s love.† The song covers materials whereby two very attractive boys attracted to each other and share romantic and intimate instants between the two. One of the males appears to be androgynous or feminine, which is a standard material in the shoujo anime. They are not viewed being immoral at all. It is rather a piece of art that represent the romantic nature of gay rather than porn (Welker,

Tragedy in Death of a Salesman Essay Example for Free

Tragedy in Death of a Salesman Essay Arthur Miller depicts a salesman, named Willy Loman in the play Death of a Salesman. Faced with hardships and troubles, Willy maneuvers in ways that cause his unfortunate outcome. In the tragedy, Death of a Salesman, the main protagonist Willy Loman’s fatal flaws were his unrelenting pride and his inability to face reality, which ultimately led to his demise. This novel is a tale about the tragedy that was the life of Willy Loman. A tragedy is a â€Å"serious drama† that depicts a â€Å"conflict† between the protagonist and a â€Å"superior force† such as which ends up with â€Å"disastrous consequences† that elicits â€Å"pity†. (Merriam Webster) Death of a Salesman is a tragedy because the main protagonist is a man filled with unrealistic hopes and dreams that lead to his demise. Although the story portrays a tragedy, I believe Willy Loman attempted to find optimism in defeat. By definition, a tragic hero is â€Å"a great or virtuous character in a dramatic tragedy that is destined for downfall, suffering, or defeat.† (Dictionary.com) Willy’s life resembled that of a tragic hero, he was not one by definition because there was nothing great or virtuous about him. He was an average person who lived a tragic life. As one critic suggests, â€Å"Willy Loman is too far down the social scale to be considered a classical â€Å"tragic hero† he represents the average man.† We learn that he made mistakes just like any other human being. In fact, one of the mistakes he made changed the very way he lived his life and perceived himself. In the beginning of the story, Willy cheats on his wife and is caught by his son Biff, which negatively affects their long-term relationship. As a result, Willy always feels guilty, leading to a constant struggle between father and son about almost everything. One example of this is in Act II, after arguing Biff says to his father, â€Å"Dad, you’re never going to see what I am, so what’s the use of arguing? If I strike oil, I’ll send you a check. Meantime, forget I’m alive† (129). A lot of times they argued because Willy always wanted to see the positive even when in realit y things were not as he believed. The tragedy is that his life was full of delusions and misguided dreams. In the beginning of the story, Willy explains to his wife why they cannot leave the crowded city to live in New York They dont need me in New York. Im the New England man. Im vital in New England(4). However, as the story continues we see that Willy had a false perception of himself. In fact, he was not well liked. Instead, he was  laughed at and pitied. In actuality, his boss had wanted to fire him, but just did not have the nerve to do it. This is seen when Willy goes to his boss asking to be given a position as a floor salesman, his boss tells him, â€Å"I don’t want you to represent us. I’ve been meaning to tell you for a long time now†(83). After Willy’s life long commitment to the company, he is fired and even then, he does not wake up to the understanding that in society he is nothing special. Biff tries to make his father realize that he is nothing special by saying, Pop! Im a dime a dozen, and so are you! This infuriates Willy who counterattacks, I am not a dime a dozen! I am Willy Loman, and you are Biff Loman! Another one of Willy’s flaws was his unrelenting pride. For example, when Charley offers him a job he refuses saying he already has one even though in truth he was just fired. After further discussion Willy finally responds saying, â€Å" I can’t work for you, that’s all, don’t ask me why† (98). We see irony here because a little after this Willy is willing to ask Charley to borrow money but refuses to take a job from him. Willy Loman’s flaw was his hubris and his inability to face reality. He had the right idea just the wrong dreams. Ultimately, his unrelenting pride and his inability to face reality led him to his demise. One must acknowledge that throughout the whole story he strived to make up for his mistakes and do the right thing. He had mostly good intentions, however, he made mistakes just like any other human being. However, contrary to most people, he judged himself harshly for his mistakes and constantly criticized himself. He tried to overlook his mistakes or hide them for the rest of his life. As the play goes on, we learn that he has a hard time facing reality that is complicated by his unrelenting pride and at the same time, he suffers from self-loathing. As the play goes on and Willy’s identity as a salesman is stripped from him, we begin to understand better the importance of his life insurance policy. After Willy loses his job, which was his primary identity, he is forced to face reality that he could never be like his brother who was his hero. He could never be the father he wanted to be or thought his sons deserved. He wanted his son Biff to look up to him and excel in life. He realized that he was not the star salesman he always believed himself to be. We see this as he becomes increasingly preoccupied with his life insurance policy, which symbolizes the only other way he can provide for his family; he has been a failure at everything else.  He always had the best intentions and the play ends with Willy trying to provide for his family in the only way possible, as the critique states, â€Å"Willy of course ends the play with nothing he can sell – except himself, hoping that his expired life insurance policy will pay up.† According to Dictionary.com, the definition of a tragic hero is â€Å"a great or virtuous character in a dramatic tragedy who is destined for downfall, suffering, or defeat.† Although Willy was not a virtuous character, in the end, he tried to do what he thought was right by providing for his family in the only way he thought possible. His life was tragic because he tried to cope by living in denial about his failures. In the end, he faced reality in the only way he thought he could, by taking his life. Works Cited 1. Miller, Arthur, and Gerald Clifford. Weales. Arthur Miller: Death of a Salesman, Text and Criticism. New York. Penguin, 1996. Print. 2. Tragedy. Merriam-Webster. Merriam-Webster. Web. 09 Apr. 2012. . 3. Tragic Hero. Dictionary.com. Dictionary.com. Web. 08 Apr. 2012. . 4. Literary Criticism Attached

Animal Testing Controversy Essay Example for Free

Animal Testing Controversy Essay Each year, millions of animals suffer and die in the process of inhumane testing for the purposes of drug and chemical research, and medical experiments and training exercises. Animals including cats, dogs, rabbits, and mice are force fed harmful substances that are infected with lethal viruses causing reactions like brain damage, strokes, and heart attacks. Not only are these experiments painful to the animals and sometimes fatal, but also they fail to accurately reflect human reactions and are not required by the FDA. The primary reason why animal testing should cease to exist is because it is inhumane to strip a helpless animal of its rights for the benefit of experimentation and research. Animals have a basic moral right to respectful treatment . . .. This inherent value is not respected when animals are reduced to being mere tools in a scientific experiment.† (Lonestar) While animals cannot express themselves as humans can, they can feel, think, behave, and experience pain. Their inability to express themselves should not be taken advantage of. While the FDA encourages manufacturers to conduct whatever testing is necessary to ensure the safety of their products, it does not specifically require the use of animals. (FDA) The FDA actually encourages companies to consider alternatives before deciding that testing on animals is necessary. They advocate that research and testing for products use a maximum amount of useful scientific information and a minimal number of animals tested. When testing does occur, they advocate for the most humane methods available. The Food and Drug Administration supports the Animal Welfare Act and the Public Health Service Policy of Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. If companies are not required by the FDA to test their products on animals, there is no reason that it should be a method that is resorted to for experimentation. Not only is animal testing morally incorrect, but it is also not the most effective method to conduct research on products to be used by humans. In fact, 92 percent of experimental drugs that are safe and effective in animals fail to tell us that they are too dangerous or ineffective on humans. (Do Something) When conducting an experiment for safety and efficacy on animals, the purpose is to try the product on a living system before exposing it to a human. But the complicated living system of a human being barely compares to that of a helpless small animal. For example Aspirin and chocolate are harmful to cats and dogs while they remain completely unharmful to humans. There are many alternatives that can be used in place for testing on animals. â€Å"Alternative† tests are those that meet one or more of the standards of the â€Å"three R’s: They replace procedures that uses animals with one that doesn’t, reduce the number of animals used in the procedure, or refine a procedure to alleviate or minimize potential animal pain. (DoSomething) While not all of the ‘R’s’ are a complete solution to animal testing, putting any of the three in place would make a significant impact on the lives of many animals. As citizens and consumers, there are ways that we can stand up for the cause of the animals being tested. Many animals are harmed in the process of experimentation for educational purposes. We can demand that our alma maters stop using animals for this purpose. Buying cruelty-free products is something that can be done as a consumer to take away business from companies that test their products on animals. We can make sure that when donating to charities, we choose those that dont experiment on animals. As citizens, we can request from our government legislation that requires alternatives to animal dissection and the immediate implementation of humane, effective non-animal tests. (PETA) Opponents would have you believe that it is okay for animals to be tested on so that humans and sometimes animals would suffer less in the future, however, â€Å"We should be concerned about how animals are treated in research, and [†¦] eliminate the number of animals who suffers† (ASPCA). Researchers are concerned only with their results and not the harmful process it takes to get them. It is clear that not only is animal testing cruel and necessary, but ineffective. However with alternatives to testing and strategies of protest, it’s possible for us to begin to diminish animal testing.

Adult Education During The Industrial Revolution History Essay

Adult Education During The Industrial Revolution History Essay The purpose of this paper is to highlight five influential factors that contributed to the development of adult education in the United States during the Industrial Revolution. Discussion will begin with the American Model of University Extension including the concepts developed by William Harper and Charles Van Hise, and the role they played in the development of extension education. Next in discussion will be womens rights highlighting a few female role models and their contribution to the push for womens freedoms and education. Education for work, details the demand for education as America shifted from the Antebellum era into the fast pace era of the Industrial age, followed by a discussion on how the U.S. Department of Agriculture campaigned to improve agriculture in the south. This paper will conclude with African American Adults and how after becoming freed slaves they began the journey of education. American Model of University Extension According to Stubblefield and Keane (1994), in 1887 Herbert Baxter Adams, professor of history at Johns Hopkins University, gave a speech at the convention of the American Library Association that inspired the creation of the American lecture programs. The American lecture programs were modeled after the English University extension program. Moreover in 1891, the American Society for the Extension of University Teaching held a conference to promote extension activities which led to the private and state universities involvement in extension. Furthermore, in 1885 the University of Wisconsin developed the farmers institute. In 1892 William Rainey Harper, the president of the University of Chicago, implemented correspondence classes and off-campus courses to further the development of extension education. In addition, in the beginning of the twentieth century, academic scholars worked to promote extension services with the belief that knowledge was essential to progress. In 1915, Charle s Van Hise, president of the University of Wisconsin, created the concept of combining culture, vocation and research information to be the major focus of the extension services. Further, he believed it was the duty of the extension services to inform and educate everyone in the country (Stubblefield and Keane, 1994). Womens Rights The Industrial Revolution was the beginning for womens independence which changed the lives of women when factories began to hire women. Women were often paid less than men but were expected to perform the same type of work (Tilly, 1994). The reasons factory owners preferred women to men workers was because of the pay and labor. Valenze (1995) stated, Factory owners preference for female labor was based not only on its cheapness: many women assumed the yoke of hard labor in the factories without complaint, and this fostered the widespread opinion that female workers were more docile, and therefore less likely to cause trouble than men. Because of women fighting for rights and receiving them, in 1893 there was a week-long celebration of the World Congress of Representative Women at the Chicago World Fair which attracted almost 150,000 people (Stubblefield and Keane, 1994). Some women contributed to improving situations for the working class. Role models such as Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan B. Anthony, Lucy Stone, and Elizabeth Blackwell, who were all well-known for their involvement in the womens rights movement, opened the doors of opportunity in education and occupation for women of today. Without their perseverance women could still possibly be extremely limited in career opportunities and unable to do the things that they take pleasure in and benefit from. Education for Work Transitions from the Antebellum Era to the Industrial era brought on new challenges in more ways than economics, technology, and farming; the need for educational changes was taken place as well. During the Industrial era manufacturing was at a high with new innovations such as textile plants, therefore vocational education was on the rise. Vocational education was a shift from a reliance on natural resources to a reliance on human resources and the skilled workforce (Stubblefield and Keane, 1994). In 1917 the Hughes Act backed the idea that industrial education should be taught in public schools along with home economics and several courses geared towards the changing era. An increase in student participation in the classroom rose from 86 % in 1919 to 92% within five years. Adults also sought out training through private trade schools and apprenticeships studies. Adults who were unable to attend were often offered education via correspondence study. The largest and most well known c orrespondence school was located in Scranton Pennsylvania which enrolled over two million students between 1892 and 1920 (Stubblefield and Keane, 1994). Despite the setback of some schools trying to exploit their students to gain a buck, employers who had established apprenticeship programs also taught their students the value, integrity and or hard work. Agriculture The Department of Agriculture provided an institute method of teaching by offering lectures and farming classes to the local farmers. While the institute method of teaching covered a lot of material there was no sure way to determine if the knowledge received from the farmers was actually going to be implemented in their every day farming techniques (Stubblefield and Keane, 1994). Not only was it rooted in the survival of the population, agriculture was also an essential source of raw materials for the textile business. In 1887, the federal government made the experiment station a national institution through the Hatch Act, which granted each state $15,000 per year to assist in the aid of agricultural education. By 1900, the adult farming school was accepted as part of the education of rural adults. In 1902, Seaman Knapp, a special agent for the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), was in charge of the campaign to improve agriculture in the south and he set up a local farmer for su ccess by using his farm as a demonstration point on the effects of agricultural education has on farming (Stubblefield and Keane, 1994). In doing so he eased the minds of the hesitant farmers and opened their eyes to new farming methods which reassured them that innovation was a positive thing. In 1904, Knapp accepted African Americans as demonstrators and cooperators of farming, and in 1906, he teamed up with the Tuskegee Institute in Tuskegee, Alabama (Stubblefield and Keane, 1994). Wool and cotton production for the making of cloth increased each year, as well as the yield of food crops. Marketing and production provided enough food to continue an adequate work force. African American Adults Post Civil War left the country in disarray and a lot of uncertainty when it came to the issue of slaves making the transition over to freedom. There was not a plan for changeover which left a lot of free blacks without jobs and an education. In 1865, the Freedmens Bureau began a reshaping by General Howard to better suit the educational needs of freed slaves. The bureau selected several groups and societies to begin educational development; the American Missionary Association focused on assisting blacks in their transition from slaves to free people. The Missionary established schools that were dedicated solely to the educational development of blacks where they also began training blacks to be educators themselves. The intent was to produce enough qualified teachers who would educate other freed blacks. The end state was to hopefully encourage blacks to pursue careers to be lawyers, teachers, doctors, or preachers (The American Missionary Association, n.d.). Even though the Freedme ns Bureau was disbanded in 1872 and blacks were on their own so to speak, the education that blacks received for that seven year span was instrumental in the continued drive for higher education. Just as the rest of the country was adapting to the new industrial methods, farmers overcame the corporate domination with the help of the Grange and Farmers Alliances. Women took a stand for what they believed was right, and freed slaves were receiving an education to help in their transition. The purpose of this paper was to highlight five influential factors that contributed to the development of adult education in the United States during the Industrial Revolution. They were the American Model of University womens rights, education for work, agriculture and African American Adults.

Government Plans Essay -- Essays Papers

Government Plans A look at the relationship between Small Business and the US Government The purpose of a democracy is to provide a form of government in which the people are the ones who give form the direction and the government serves their interest. The government’s overall goal is to preserve the American way of life. One major part of the American way of life is the economy, which was built by small businesses that were able to prosper in our system of government and become global corporations. In the current day, our economy depends on these conglomerates and the little guy is left to suffer. With the fragile state the economy is in, it is the small businesses that should be supported to stimulate jobs and economic growth. Just like when it was built, the economy will continue to rely on small businesses. A successful entrepreneur, Ben Gordon, informed me that more than 50% of all start-up businesses fail within 3 years. For a country founded by mom and pop stores, one would think entrepreneurs would receive more help starting out. Currently, the g overnment is failing to yield appropriately to the concerns of small business owners about health care, taxes and regulations, and the availability of federal contracts. Many small businesses are opposed to more government intervention in all areas except for health care. Small companies do not have the leverage that larger corporations do when it come to acquiring major policies. Keith Hasty, president and CEO of Best Foam Fabricators, a family owned manufacturer of foam for the auto industry says that it cost $7,000 a year per each one of his 95 employees for health care because of the rising cost of medical care (Ioannou). That is $665,000 per year to provi... ...the Home Front Reactions to the Bush Economic Plan Laments from the little guy.† Denver Post 12 January 2003:A1. Gordon, Benjamin. E-mail to author. 11 February 2003. Ioannou, Lori; Batterson, Len; Cooper, Paul; Cory, Andrew; Hasty, Keith; Herrera, Leticia; Kerns, Kevin; Schroeder, Tom; Suzenaar Jr., Max; Zugulich, Dan. â€Å"The Big Issues for Small Concerns.† Time 17 July 2000: B7. Mandle, Michael J.; Miller, Rich. â€Å"Is it Class Warfare?† Business Week 20 January 2003: Issue 2816, p26. Pear, Robert. â€Å"Bush Prepares Health Plan Aimed at Small Businesses.† New York Times 27 January 2003. Public Law 85-536. â€Å"Small Business Act.† http://www,SBA.gov. Salem, Nancy. â€Å"Small Firms can Snag Federal Contracts, experts say.† Denver Post 22 December, 2000: A28. Sanko, John J. â€Å"Owens Policy Adviser gets Regulatory Post.† Rocky Mountain News 28 November 2002: 25A.

Ernest Hemingway, World War I, and Agnes von Kurowsky :: Biography Biographies Essays

Hemingway, World War I, and Agnes von Kurowsky Hemingway's World War I experiences were the source of much of the legend that later surrounded him. Brave and masculine, he was the writer who really got out there and experienced everything. Wounded in the trenches, decorated for his valour, he then threw himself into a wartime romance with the nurse who was responsible for bringing him back to health, his first love, who later jilted him for an older, aristocratic, man. This report will examine the background to these myths and assess their veracity. It was not long after the United States declared war on Germany in April 1917 that 17 year-old Hemingway, not yet finished high school, first expressed an interest in seeing some action. However his father, keen for him to follow his sister to college, settled for a compromise that saw his brother fix young Ernest up with a job in the Kansas City Star. That November, he told his family that he could not possibly wait more than another year before enlisting, saying "it will be hard enough to stay out until then". Biographer Kenneth S. Lynn argues that for the young Hemingway, the war was like a championship football game, a huge event not to be missed.1 Hemingway's letters of that winter contain references to him attempting to join the army but being refused because of a bad eye. Nobody has been able to find any evidence that such a claim is true. Lynn points to the likely falsity of the claim by mentioning the fact that Harry Truman, who was helpless without his glasses, got past the same army doctors in Kansas City that Hemingway would have had to deal with, and suggests that the prospect of squalor and danger in the trenches did not accord with Hemingway's vision of the great event of his time. At the same time, his reading of Hugh Walpole's The Dark Forest the previous year made him aware of another, heroic, and far less dangerous way of seeing the war - the Red Cross. Ernest and his friend Ted Brumback volunteered for the Red Cross in early January and in April they were assigned as second lieutenants in an ambulance unit in Italy. They were issued a regular US Army officer's uniform with full insignia, and Ernest made the most of the fact that real army privates and non-commissioned officers had to salute him, in one instance counting 367 salutes as he walked up and down Broadway. Ernest Hemingway, World War I, and Agnes von Kurowsky :: Biography Biographies Essays Hemingway, World War I, and Agnes von Kurowsky Hemingway's World War I experiences were the source of much of the legend that later surrounded him. Brave and masculine, he was the writer who really got out there and experienced everything. Wounded in the trenches, decorated for his valour, he then threw himself into a wartime romance with the nurse who was responsible for bringing him back to health, his first love, who later jilted him for an older, aristocratic, man. This report will examine the background to these myths and assess their veracity. It was not long after the United States declared war on Germany in April 1917 that 17 year-old Hemingway, not yet finished high school, first expressed an interest in seeing some action. However his father, keen for him to follow his sister to college, settled for a compromise that saw his brother fix young Ernest up with a job in the Kansas City Star. That November, he told his family that he could not possibly wait more than another year before enlisting, saying "it will be hard enough to stay out until then". Biographer Kenneth S. Lynn argues that for the young Hemingway, the war was like a championship football game, a huge event not to be missed.1 Hemingway's letters of that winter contain references to him attempting to join the army but being refused because of a bad eye. Nobody has been able to find any evidence that such a claim is true. Lynn points to the likely falsity of the claim by mentioning the fact that Harry Truman, who was helpless without his glasses, got past the same army doctors in Kansas City that Hemingway would have had to deal with, and suggests that the prospect of squalor and danger in the trenches did not accord with Hemingway's vision of the great event of his time. At the same time, his reading of Hugh Walpole's The Dark Forest the previous year made him aware of another, heroic, and far less dangerous way of seeing the war - the Red Cross. Ernest and his friend Ted Brumback volunteered for the Red Cross in early January and in April they were assigned as second lieutenants in an ambulance unit in Italy. They were issued a regular US Army officer's uniform with full insignia, and Ernest made the most of the fact that real army privates and non-commissioned officers had to salute him, in one instance counting 367 salutes as he walked up and down Broadway.

Irish Political History and Structure Essay -- essays research papers

The modern political history of Ireland can be separated into two time periods. The first period is it’s time spent under British rule as only one territory of the United Kingdom. The second period, which represents the beginning of the modern Irish state, took place during the early twentieth century. The road to national sovereignty was neither easy nor short as Britain was far from eager to let its dependent state go. The first organized movement towards independence occurred in 1916 when revolutionaries declared Ireland to be free from British rule on Easter of that year. Despite the ultimate failure of this initial push towards freedom Britain eventually granted the southern 26, of 38, counties dominion status in 1921. Further steps were taken in 1937 when Ireland drafted its constitution and was granted full sovereignty. The final phase in southern Ireland’s independence came in 1949 when its status as a British commonwealth ended and the nation was declared a re public. However, even after disassociating itself from the United Kingdom the southern counties of Ireland wouldn’t be completely satisfied as long as the remaining 6 counties that comprised Northern Ireland were still a part of Britain’s empire. The predominantly protestant northern counties of Ireland have been a barrier to peace in the region from the first days of the Republic up to today. These counties are considered as a separate state but can also be considered as the same nation. This topic will be explored in more depth after the explanations of both the current Irish state as well as what can be considered the Irish nation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The state of Ireland encompasses 26 of the islands 32 counties and occupies all but the northeastern quarter of the island. The national government is a Republican Democracy and consists of a duel executive, a bicameral legislature and a judicial branch. The Executive branch is split into two parts and is considered to follow a variation of the Duel Executive model. The head of state in the executive branch is the president, or Uachtaran, who is directly elected by the citizens and serves a seven year term. The Executive power of the state is exercised by the cabinet, which is led by the Prime Minister. Ireland’s executive system can be considered to be a variation of the duel executive method due to the fact that the head of state ... ..., despite pledges from both governments to work towards peace, negotiations have still been rocky at best.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  On the subject of foreign affairs Ireland has traditionally stuck to a position of non-involvement and has remained neutral in the conflicts of the twentieth century. Despite Ireland’s inactivity in military affairs the nation has been considered quite active as a member of the UN since its induction in 1955. Ireland is currently very active in the Security Council and is a proponent in the process of disarmament as well as other areas of International policy. Also, there are currently some 515 Irish personnel serving on 9 UN missions. Ireland's most significent and longest standing contribution to UN peacekeeping was to the UNIFIL force in Lebanon, to which Ireland provided troops since its inception in 1978 until late 2001. Ireland is also a member of the European Union and has been since 1973. In fact this year it is Irelands turn to act as president of the EU. Participation in international groups has increased over the decades but the activities of the IRA continue to put a strain on foreign relations, especially those with Great Britain.

How far do you blame Curley’s wife for what happens? Essay

There are lots of different pro’s and cons for this statement. Therefore I have started to take each character, Lennie and Curley’s wife separately and then create a conclusion from the evidence. Curley’s wife seems to be a weak character in the novel, but however this is just the way she seems, and not the way she really is. This is because there is also a powerful side to her. It’s similar to a split personality. The main ways in which Curley’s wife is portrayed to be weak is that Steinbeck purposely gives her no name, therefore she has no status. Also, Curley’s wife is portrayed as a powerful person. This is shown when men are frightened are frightened of her. This is due to all of the workers on the ranch seeing her as `jailbait`. Also Curley’s wife likes to impose herself upon people, for example Lennie and Crooks. This is because she sees them as weak, and from that she can hopefully get friendship and comfort, which is what she really wants. However, because of this she can also be seen as a troublemaker or flirtatious, which makes the men on the ranch, avoid her. The first side that Curley’s wife shows, which to relates to â€Å"what happens†, is where she shows her sneakiness. This is shown below: â€Å"Curley’s wife came around the end of the last stall. She came very quietly, so that Lennie didn’t see her.† (Pg 84-85, lines 33-1) After Curley’s wife had sneaked up on Lennie, she persisted in talking to Lennie even after he said not to, and she repeatedly did so until he gave in. The reason that I think that Curley’s wife did this was that she saw Lennie as an easy target, due to his child-like mental state. Also, the reason for Curley’s wife wanting so desperately wanting to talk to someone, was that she was lonely and never had the opportunity to have a conversation with anyone. Therefore she knew that she would be able to talk to Lennie due to him not fully understanding everything. This is shown in the quote below: She said, â€Å"What you got there, sonny boy?† Lennie glared at her. â€Å"George says I ain’t to have nothing to do with you – talk to you or nothing.† (Pg 85, lines 8-10) This quote above also shows the difference in power between Curley’s wife and Lennie. It is the part of the quote where Curley’s wife says â€Å"sonny boy†. This shows the power and dominance that Curley’s wife possess’ over Lennie. This also comes through in order to get Lennie to talk to her. Then, after the above quote, Curley’s wife still repeatedly continues to pursue her harassing of Lennie, whilst acting in a sympathetic way. She continues to do so, until Lennie gives in. This is shown below: â€Å"Why can’t I talk to you? I never get to talk to nobody. I get awful lonely.† (Pg 85, lines 24-25) â€Å"Lennie said, â€Å"Well, I ain’t supposed to talk to you or nothing.† â€Å"I get lonely† she said.† (Pg 85, lines 26-27) This then results in Lennie talking to Curley’s wife about what had happened to the puppy, even though it was against his will, as he was still reluctant about going against the wishes of George. This is shown below: â€Å"He was so little, said Lennie. I was jus’ playin with him†¦an’ he made like he’s gonna bite me†¦an’ I made like I was gonna smack him†¦an’,,,an’ I done it. An’ then he was dead.† (Pg86, lines 7-10) Here is Lennie talking to Curley’s wife, about what had happened to the puppy, but he shows concerns over what George, would, think of them, and also most probably about the rabbits. The conversation then becomes closer, and Curley’s wife starts to flirt, with Lennie, this confuses Lennie, as is easily done. Curley’s wife gets Lennie to touch her hair, and he very much enjoys this, due to his fondness of feeling â€Å"nice† things. As a result of this, Lennie starts to stroke her hair harder and harder. This is at the same time as Curley’s wife encouraging him to feel it more. Then, as a typical child would goes over the top. But she continues to encourage him, not knowing how hard he would react. This is shown below: â€Å"Some people got kinda coarse hair, she said complacently. Take Curley. His hair is jus’ like wire. But mine is soft and fine. ‘Course I brush it a lot’. That makes it fine. Here – feel right here. She took Lennie’s hand and placed it on her head. Feel right aroun’ there an’ see how soft it is.† (Pg 89, lines 18-27) This then leads to frantic shouting from Curley’s wife shouting for him to get off her hair. Lennie becomes frightened and as he can’t handle the situation, like an adult would he holds on tight, for dear life. Then due to Curley’s wife’s frantic shouting and wriggling to get him off, Lennie becomes muddle up and confused. That is when Lennie becomes angry and kills her by breaking her neck. Lennie, I don’t think would have purposely tried to kill her, he just held on too tight, and wanted her to stop the shouting, yet he couldn’t cope with the situation in hand. This is shown below: â€Å"And she continued to struggle, and her eyes were wild with terror. He shook her then, and he was angry with her. `Don’t you go yellin’,` he said, and he shook her; her body flopped like a fish. And then she was still, for Lennie had broken her neck.† (Pg 90, lines 14-18) Now, I think that this could be partly Curley’s wife’s fault, as she knew that Curley doesn’t like big/tall men, and therefore she knew that he would do anything to `get one up` on one, so I think that she would have known Curley would have gone for him, for dead. However, I also think that Curley’s wife didn’t expect for anything to happen, as it did. Also, at the end, when George shoots Lennie, I don’t think that she would have thought that George would have shot him, for any particular reason. As a conclusion, I would put a lot of the blame of Lennie’s death upon Curley’s wife. This is mainly because Curley’s wife was adamant that she would have a conversation with Lennie, even though it wasn’t what he wanted, as he told her to leave him alone several times, yet she did no such thing. Also Curley’s wife was then flirtatious with Lennie, which would have given him a lot of mixed thoughts. I wouldn’t put the whole blame upon Curley’s wife because she didn’t know how Lennie would react to the situation, and she was purely looking for friendship. This is because she felt alone.

Mexico †Tax Measures on Soft Drinks and Other Beverages Essay

The Mexico- fluffy make whoopies pillow slip was an central movement ground on the sweeteners trade grocery in due north America. This causal agent check will undertake to summarize the facts of the issue in line of battle to analyze the issues raised by it. Following, we try to expose the reasons why Mexico decided to implement evaluate posters as a response to the join posits refusal to submit their repugn to the North Ameri basis Free Trade accord (NAFTA) contend settlement gore.And last, give a brief opinion on the issues and the federal agency they were upheld on the case. Since January 2002, Mexico oblige a twenty dollar bill dollar bill percent revenue enhancement on the barter and distri entirelyion of promiscuous drinks and separate beverages that theatrical role e very sweetener other(a) than strap moolah, including, and speci eachy, heights fructose corn syrup (HFCS). The f every in States is the primary supplier of conscionable ab out all the HFCS rehearsed to sweeten beverages in Mexico, and on the other hand all the beverages sweet-smelling with cane kale use national w be.In border 2004 the unite States pass consultations with Mexico regarding words 1 and 4 of the DSU and oblige XXII of the GATT 1994, with extol to these revenue enhancement measures compel by Mexico. And on 10 June 2004, the get together States requested the WTO to establish a display display display board pursuant to term 6 of the DSU. The United States occupy ined that Mexico had violated the edible say in GATT 1994 obligate ternary.The Dispute Settlement personify ceremonious the beautify on 6 July stating the following, as purpose of the face of the panel To examine, in the light of the applicable purvey of the covered proportionatenesss cited by the United States in document WT/DS308/4, the count referred to the DSB by the United States in that document, and to make such findings as will assist the DSB in qualification the recommendations or in giving the legal opinions provided for in those compacts. Canada, China, the European Communities, Guatemala and Japan participated in the panel as third parties.Relevant Facts regarding the case The assess measures imposed by the Mexican government were a) twenty percent tax on the transfer or implication of blue drinks and other beverages that use every sweetener other than cane dulcorate, b) twenty percent tax on operate such as agency, re subjectation, brokerage, distri scarceion, etc. when transferring or importing beverages sweetened with any cordial of sweetener except for cane cabbage, c) and whatever other requirements imposed to taxpayers regarding the above menti angiotensin converting enzymed taxes. full(prenominal) fructose corn syrup (HFCS) comprised one hundred percent imports of sweeteners from the US to Mexico and cane sugar is a nationalally produced harvest-feast that comprises ninety five percent of Mexica n sweetener production. Considering the fact that the ticklish drink tax did non apply to beverages sweetened with cane sugar, it is pretty clear that Mexican sugar production industry was universe prosperous by the double-dealing of these measures. denominations I and III of the General conformity on Tariffs and Trade 1994 (GATT) talk about the non-discrimination on interchange able products.More specifically Article III establishes the national-treatment rule, which seeks the equal treatment to municipal and products merchandise from other states, establishing criteria such as No internal laws should be utilise to imported products to defend domestic producers from the competing comparable products. And imported products should receive treatment low national laws that is no less gold than the treatment given to like domestic products.United States claims The issues concerning sustenance constituted on Article III of the GATT 1994 that were claimed by the United S tates were the following (i) princely an excessive tax on an imported product comp atomic number 18d to taxes use to a like domestic product, (ii) grand a tax to an imported product that is instantaneously belligerent or substitutable with a domestic one that is non similarly taxed, (iii) imposing a law that affects the internal use of imported HFCS, treating an imported product in a less favorable expressive style compared to products of national origin. So the United States requested the impanel to require the violations on the im posture of these challenged tax measures.The above-mentioned issues concerning the im aim of fleecy drink taxes, distri entirelyion taxes and bookkeeping requirements were espouse by Mexican legislations by truth of a decree that reformed the Mexican Special tax income legality relevant to Production and Services as sanitary its Regulations and withal the Miscellaneous Fiscal Resolutions of age 2003 and 2004, in order to incorporate the taxes landing field to this challenge concerning soft drinks and beverages that use any sweetener other than cane sugar and its distribution and limited requirements.So these legislative bodies are also the issues and state matter to the altercate. Mexicos requests to the circuit card On the other hand, Mexico requested the Panel to decline the go of its jurisdiction and suggested to submit their dispute to an arbitral Panel in accordance to NAFTA, ground on the Shrimp Turtle determination w present the WTO recommended that the parties should resolve their difference according to the Inter-American Convention, so both states could resolve their concern with respect to the sugar trade betwixt them.That way, Mexico could claim mart devil to the United States and the residency of previous Treaties surrounded by them and the United States could also submit its claims regarding tax measures adopted by Mexico. The Panel decided to proceed and sour its jurisdiction, so Mexic o requested for them form into account its particular condition and that as a developing country some modified treatment exceptions could apply to their situation. So the Mexican measures could be justified downstairs this disposition and also infra Article XX of the GATT.Mexico also requested the Panel to consider the NAFTA simulation while resolving and formulations their recommendations. Mexico explained that its tax on sweeteners was a necessary measure to secure U. S. entry with NAFTA in granting access for Mexican sugar to the U. S. market. Statements considered by the Panel HFCS-sweetened and cane sugar-sweetened soft drinks are like products in accordance to what is established on GATT Article III2, showtimely sentence for having virtually identical natural properties, end-uses and tariff classifications and are equally favourite(a) by consumers found on surveys applied by the US.Therefore The HFCS soft drink tax and distribution tax are inconsistent with GATT Article III2, first sentence. The imported product (HFCS) and the domestic product (cane sugar) are directly competitive or suitable products that with the tax measures imposed by the Mexican government were not universeness similarly taxed in order to protect Mexicans domestic production, thitherfore there was no mistrust that Mexico was infringing its obligations downstairs GATT Article III,2 second sentence. Based on these statements the WTO Panel rejected Mexicos begs and favored the United States position.The Panel stated that Mexico was not authorize to take measures in order to secure shape to induce another Member to come with obligations owed to it on a lower floor a non-WTO treaty. , it also single-minded that that internationalisticist Treaties such as NAFTA were not covered in the exceptions established in GATT Article XX (d), and also that the laws or regulations covered in exception of Article XX(d) of the GATT 1994 do not include NAFTA (which is an global conformity) as part of them, and last, that the measures adopted by Mexico were not necessary to secure compliance to previous agreements to the United States.In declination 2005 Mexico appealed the Panels decision based on exceptions provided on GATT Article XX(d) and careen that the Panel failed to make an objective judicial decision of the facts, as required by Article 11 of the DSU but still, the appellant dead body upheld the Panels conclusions and rejected Mexicos claims.Considering the stated facts, there is no doubt regarding the violation of the GATT Article III by the Mexican government on the establishment the soft dink tax a extensive with distribution tax and other requirements imposed to taxpayer on this matter, but I securely believe it is important to consider the reasons why the Mexican government was lead to implement these understructure measures considering the United States non-compliance with obligations established in the NAFTA.One of the chief(prenomin al) reasons why Mexico implemented the soft drinks tax measures was the United States incompliance with market access agreements on sugar trade established on NAFTA, while US export of HFCS to Mexico were considerably increasing. The United States continuously refused to submit to NAFTA dispute settlement while still get laiding the benefits of the agreement regarding sugar trade.Before Mexico decided to take tax measures, it tried to resolve the dispute regarding the scope and meaning of provisions in the NAFTA governing sweeteners, but no dispute settlement forum seemed to be able to hear about the case, they needed the cooperation of the US for the integration of the panel and the United declared did not cooperate. Importance of the Mexican excoriation Industry The sugar industry its a growing sector of the Mexican economy.According to NAFTA agreements, Mexico had an expectation for it to would be adapted to export very high quantities of sugar to the United States market, but the US never ack instantaneouslyledged what they had agree by virtue of two garner negotiated betwixt the two states after NAFTA, so there was a confusion on the volume of sugar that could be exported from Mexico to the US. In the mean time, US exports of HFCS to Mexico were increasing and that was reflected on a reduction on the domestic sugar market.So with this background it is now easier to understand the reason why the Mexican Congress decided to impose soft drink taxes in order to respite the situation and try to bring the dropping Mexican sugar industry to an equilibrated position in the market so that the sugar that could have been exported to the United States, could now be sold in the domestic market. just now it is understandable that even if the United States did not come with its NAFTA obligations, there is no apology a WTO ingredient to violate its WTO obligations in order to punish another member for not complying with its obligations under an international agr eement like the NAFTA in this case.Analysis of relevant issues regarding Mexicos initial petitions More than criticizing I would like to analyze two of the petitions make by Mexico to the WTO Panel along with the Panels and appellate trunks responses to those petitions, more specifically check over if a Panel is authorize to decline to cultivate its jurisdiction in an issue presented in the beginning it.As well as Mexicos petition to the Panel to consider the NAFTA framework on its resolutions, this leads me to hesitationing if the Panel can actually exercise its jurisdiction based on other international agreements, and if so, to what result? The Panel immediately refused Mexicos petition to decline to exercise its jurisdiction on this case. It seems very obvious that if both parties were payoff to an International Treaty such as NAFTA, which regulated the sugar trade between them and they were having conflicts regarding this sector, those issues should have been heard by a NAFTA Panel. just the answer to this issue relies on the appellate Bodys public debate that according to the Dispute Settlement appreciation (DSU) a panel with jurisdiction could not decline to exercise it at all without some legal impediment because it would be contradictory to articles 3. 2, 7. 1, 7. 2, 11, 19. 2 y 23. So according to the Appellate Bodys enunciate Paragraph 52 A Member is entitled to initiate a WTO dispute whenever it considers that any benefits accruing to that Member are creation impaired by measures taken by another Member implies that that Member is entitled to a ruling by a WTO panel.The Appellate Body also stated that the issues claimed by Mexico regarding the agreement on NAFTA were NAFTA-based issues cerebrate to market Access, that did not necessarily under lapped with the issues claimed by the US that violated Article III of the GATT 1994 with respect of the infliction of soft drink taxes as well as distribution taxes, which in my opinion makes s ense but it is clearly an disadvantaged position for Mexico since it would have needed cooperation from the United States in order to constitute a panel that could hear and resolve those NAFTA- based issues.In these I agree, so I conceive of we cannot blame this matter on the Panel or Appellate Body of the WTO, since they just complied with their work and obligation to bring breastplate to the Members when they considered to be entitled to a ruling from the WTO for being effected by measures taken by other members that are subject to the WTO jurisdiction.So the main problem here is not the decision of the WTO to continue consultation the case, as they were just performing their work, but the way the United States managed the situation, only claiming the actions that directly affected their market and economy without obeying their obligations under an International Treaty or at to the lowest degree making an effort to clarify on the mis concords tie in to them, so Mexico could also be beneficiated from the importation of sugar to the fall in States. The second matter in question is whether the Panel can consider International Agreements on its resolutions and of so, to what extent?Article 3. 2 of the Dispute Settlement Understanding (DSU) states that the WTO dispute settlement system serves to preserve the rights and obligations of Members under the covered agreements, and to clarify the existing provisions of those agreements. There could be circumstances in which the Panel or Appellate Body would have to experience for its own purposes as to whether the United States acted consistently with NAFTA, not to determine its rights under NAFTA or to punish them for non-compliance but to take it in account in their determinations and as a preliminary feel in WTO ruling.WTO Panels and Appellate Body cannot definitively determine rights and obligations under non-WTO agreements they can refer to and analyze such agreements as long as it serves to determine righ ts and obligations under the WTO agreements. This is a very clear statement that clarifies the situation as it should be seen in every case the WTO can always take into reflection obligations that arise from other international agreements between countries subject to a dispute, as long as they relate to the dispute and to rights and obligations related to the WTO.I believe the most important issue raised on the present case relied on the contradiction between an International Treaty and the WTO regulations whereas from the International truth perspective the Tax measures imposed by Mexico seemed fair since the United States was not complying with obligations established under post- NAFTA negotiations so the US was challenging an international obligation derived from an International Treaty (NAFTA).Nevertheless, these fiscal measures are violations from the WTO perspective. What Mexico was seeking with the imposition of these tax measures was to enforce an equitable plea in a way of dandy hands doctrine in the understanding that the United States was acting unethically by avoiding the conformation of a NAFTA panel, while being the principal importer of sweeteners in Mexico.It just seemed rightfully unfair for Mexican sugar market to be affected by the exportation of United States high fructose corn syrup and other sweeteners, when Mexico was not being able to enjoy the benefits from their previous agreement under the NAFTA. But the measures adopted by Mexico were perhaps not the best, since a state is not empowered to attempt against its WTO obligations in order to try to force another state to comply with its obligations under a non-WTO international agreement.And as stated above, despite the controversies arisen in this case, I do not think there is a problematic within the WTO and its jurisdiction or the way they resolved the case, I would say that if the United States would have spy its obligations under the NAFTA or at least tried to cooperate in ord er to resolve their differences and came to an agreement on the sugar trade, Mexico would have never had to take this radical and GATT-violating measures, still, it is not justifiable for it to have make so.As to the recommendations that raised from this case, on may 2006 the Executive Branch of the Mexican federal official government sent to the Permanent kick of the Union Congress which is the maximum pronouncement regarding legislations, a reform project in order to overturn the legal dispositions on the Mexican Special Tax Law applicable to Production and Services regarding soft drinks taxes so as to comply with the recommended on the Appellate Bodys resolutions.joined STATES, Mexico- Tax Measures on Soft Drinks and opposite Beverages , entreat for Consultations by the United States, WT/DS308/1, March 18, 2004. 2 . united STATES, Mexico- Tax Measures on Soft Drinks and some other Beverages , Request for the ecesis of a Panel, WT/DS308/1, June 11, 2004. 3 .UNITED STATE S, Mexico- Tax Measures on Soft Drinks and Other Beverages , organisation of the Panel Established at the Request of the United States, WT/DS308/5/Rev. 1. August, 25 2004. 4 . http//www.iisd. org/trade/handbook/3_4_1. htm, International show for Sustainable Development. Environment and Trade A handbook.The basics of the WTO. The key agreements, with a special consideration of those related to the environment. 3. 4. 1. The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, 1994 5 . http//www. usitc. gov/publications/332/journals/corn_sweeteners. pdf, Kornis, Magda, United States international Trade Commision, Journal of international Commerca and Economics, sack version December 2006. 6 . UNITED STATES, Mexico- Tax Measures on Soft Drinks and Other Beverages , Report of the Panel, WT/DS308/R, Paragraph 8. 134. 7 . Report of the Panel, Paragraph 8. 78. 8 . Panel Report, Paragraphs 8. one hundred seventy to 8. 181. 9 . Mexico- Tax Measures on Soft Drinks and Other Beverages, Notification of an Appeal by Mexico, WT/DS308/10, December 6th 2005. 10 . Appellate body Report, Paragraph 82. 11 . Appellate Body Report, Paragraph 47. 12 . Appellate Body Report, Paragraph 56. 13 . J.Davey William and Sapir Andre, solid ground Trade Review / Volume 8 / Special Issue 01 / January 2009, pp 5 -23 inside 10. 1017/S1474745608004151, Published online06 March 2009, page 18. 14 . UNITED STATES, Import Prohibition of trustworthy Shrimp and Shrimp-Containing Products, WT/DS58/AB/R, adopted 6 November 1998, PARAGRAPH 168. 15 . http//cdei. itam. mx/ComentarioMexicoRefrescosOA. pdf, Crzo, Ernesto, Corzo Victor, Comentario sobre Mexico Impuestos sobre refrescos, Informe del Organo de Apelacion, 24 de marzo de 2006, web publication.

Narrative of Fredrick Douglass

The greatest liaison about reading annals of the Life of Fredrick Douglass is that on that point are m whatso ever varied and interesting themes to learn from. Throughout Douglass story he teaches us umpteen lessons and motifs, but one thing that stays constant is his belief in the detail that all grow force and women should be created passable, with equal rights without any constraints to his or her own individual freedom.The treatment of Douglass himself and the former(a) slaves he worked with was unbearable and under such(prenominal) appalling circumstances that subsequently reading his story it authenti cancely makes me wonder what new(prenominal) types of things other slaves had to endure during their experiences. narration of the Life of Fredrick Douglass shows its readers that even though times give the bounce get highly hard, there will placid al slipway be hope even when you intend there is none. One of the most important ways slaves were kept in bondage w as non exclusively the threat of physical brutality rather, it was by dint of lately and sustained ignorance.Slaves were not allowed to read and write and were thus generally not aware of the events outside of the plantation, could not communicate with each other well to annoy rebellion or conduct escape plans, and could not reach the sense of self-sufficiency and pride that came from existence educated. Literacy brought with it an pinch of the larger world. It opened up onwards a slave the idea of justice and an understanding of history. Reading the Bible led to a truer learning of Christianity. Douglass was able to first engage with abolitionism when he accomplish literacy.He also became fully aware of the reality of thrall he wrote Literacy had given me a view of my low condition, without the remedy. It opened my eyes to the despicable pit, but to no ladder upon which to get out. In moments of agony, I envied my fellow-slaves for their idiocy (Page 56). Ignorance w as thus a way for slave triumphers to keep their slaves manageable, happy, calm, and content. at one time a slave moved beyond such darkness into a world filled with understanding, he was only able to do what Douglass eventually did hear to escape from his ties.While reading Narrative of the Life of Fredrick Douglass it is most like reading about how white men dehumanized their slaves. The first example of this is shown in Chapter 1 when Douglass mother passes international. Never having enjoyed, to any considerable extent, her solace presence, her tender and watchful care, I received the news show of my mothers dying with much the same emotions I should have probably felt at the death of a stranger (Page 43).This quote explains that Douglass, like many an(prenominal) other slaves, never had much of any family with their birth mothers. Considering that some slaves are taken away from their birth mothers only a few soon years after they are born it is soft to understand w hy Douglass felt this way. Its extremely sad to read how a child croupe feel almost no emotion after hearing of such a tragic loss. I imagine if that were to happen to me and how I would feel and erect only feel disheartened by the event that most slaves never got to have relationships with their mothers.Another example of such degrading behavior by the slaveholders is simply how they precisely feed their slaves. They expect so much work and cooperation from them and gauge that any amount of food, big or small, will help them to get their work done. Slaveholders infuse in the minds of slaves that being unfed, whipped and called awful names is the better(p) pleasing of life they will ever have. These were horrible characteristics of slavery but were well depicted by Douglass in his autobiography. According to Nathaniel P.Rogers Southern Slavery and northerly Religion February 11, 1844 (Page 139), it is explained that Douglass arrives to give a speech and to check his story t o an audience who is very apprehensive and enigmatical about hearing him speak. However, they were very curious to analyse him. After giving his speech, which was well received by the audience, he was asked more and more questions and they wanted to bed more about his life and journey through slavery in general. There was great talk in his speech-but more dignity and earnestness than what we call eloquence.He was not up there as a speaker-performing. He was an insurgent slave taking hold on the right of speech, and charging on his tyrants and bondage of his aftermath (Page 141). Reading this review makes me really happy to whop that epoch he had an awful time as a slave, escaping and gaining freedom was the best thing that ever happened to him. It is satisfying to read that others can feel for Douglass, though not come close to imagining what he had bypast through, but having some sort of sympathy and identification that he and many other slaves are great human beings with inspiring stories to share about he freedom they all deserve. He teaches us that while we all go through horrible things there is always a silver lining and something to be learned. Narrative of the Life of Fredrick Douglass has really taught me a mete out about myself and about a whole other kind of people that I really had no knowledge of. I truly debate that Douglass makes his audiences believe in what stands for all men and women should be created equal, with equal rights without any constraints to his or her own individual freedom. This autobiography has a lot to teach a somebody and I would recommend it to anyone.It is thoroughly enjoyable and is the kind of book that makes you look past just the text. It makes you think about your own life, putting it in attitude and realizing what is really important. It is an interesting story that not many have heard themselves and really know teensy about its topic. I suggest to anyone who wants to read this recital that they keep an open mind no bailiwick what their previous views, religious or not, are so that they can fully understand and accept this individuals journey through slavery.

Thomson (Easysource) : Development of an E-Procurement System

What melody is the g e actu whollyywherenance in? Thomson is a French community, created in 1883, whose home base be in Issy les Moulineaux, dear(p) Paris. It is specialise in the novelty and the manufacturing of digital images and videos organisations. The participation genuine itself in the military man to be contri ande in contrary countries, a good deal(prenominal) as Italy, India, China, Spain, USA, Belgium and UK. It has rough 73 000 employees dispatched over 230 sites, including to a neater extent than 60 factories. Its sites atomic go 18 distri merelyed s salutary-nigh 10 countries but the lodge sells its goods and ope drift to coulomb countries.We atomic tally up 50 excessively reflexion that Thomson is a sincere(a) draw in the innovation system, as it owns 35 000 patents planetary counterbalanceing slightly 6 000 inventions. The free radical sells its products and service by 4 study brands which argon Thomson, RCA, disclose va le and Technicolor. The 2 break brands includeed the connection to fuck off service of the digital engineering sciences globular mutation In the modern 80s and the previous(predicate) 90s, Thomson was commit to electronic orient activities for both both mavenness and activities orientated to professional.After dissimilar plans of restructuration and reorganization, in 1997, Thomson clear-cut to focussing on the intersection of winder components and electronic products (re rendering rough 98% of its braidover). Since 2000, the political party opens to the Medias and pas judgment of conviction movement snap on creation, cargon and contented distribution. Thomsons be thread is closely graceful a prima(p) widely distributed group of unified rootages for media and pastime industries. In inn to profit this goal, Thomson refractory to turn to e-procurement in 2001. What products argon bought via e-procurement?In outrank to well harbor the famili arity we atomic number 18 leaving to come apart the master(prenominal) bar collide with fors operated by the group. We vex the issue purchases ( untold(prenominal) as the electronic components, actual and so one), that represents 70% of the nitty-gritty purchases. Then, we work the non- merchandise purchases ( chief(prenominal)tenance, ecstasy and so one). Thomson unquestionable its e-procurement system, with EasySource, just closely this hour amiable of purchases. Indeed, non- production purchases atomic number 18 split up as occur oNon-production purchases extraneous EasySource Licenses, Guarantees, guest Marketing, Other. Non-production purchases within EasySource oTransport, oEnergy, oSoftw atomic number 18, oIT and Telecoms, oProperty and populate services, oExternal services, oMarketing, converse and advertising, oManufacturing supply, oInvestment, oTravel oOther So, those non-production purchases be items that argon awkward to fence for companies a s they argon in reality modify and conduct to be well analyzed. As a backwash they are very represently as they remove fit bulk to drive with them and instead a nap of quite a little collec table to their diversification. That is why Thomson has sanctuary to e-procurement with EasySource for such(prenominal) purchasesWhat nest egg were agnise? The pastime put downs that the beginning at its finish should start out cl one one million million million million of euros EasySource pull up stakess Thomson to economise around 80 million per year. First, we toilet reflexion at the adjacent table supplying us a a few(prenominal) results from onward and afterward the work of EasySource by Thomson before EasySourceAfter EasySource diligent suppliers per purchaser10050 parting of supple suppliers authorize by the State10,0%100,0% dowery of purchases generated with infinitesimal suppliers40,0%10,0% helping of minutes via e-commerce3,0%60,0% parting of purchases to a lower come forward agreements50,0%95,0% flake of suppliers for confirmative purchases360007000 % of corroboratory suppliers which represent 90% of the arrive contrive sense of purchases30,0%10,0% such entropy easy show us the great jolt that Easysource had on the accompany. For deterrent theoretical account the number of expeditious supplier per vendee was divide by 2. Moreover, transactions via e-commerce went up from 3% to 60%. E-commerce is much to a greater extent doful to company as it cost much less(prenominal) than tralatitious commerce. How were those nest egg cognise? By implementing EasySource, Thomson kick downstairs a rummy alter nib for every drug substance ab utilizer that institutes historic thrifts for the company.There are 3 main acmes that excuse how those saving were realized. The scratch line one is the control of the purchase condition. Indeed, it is easier to pardon et aloneege simply what you want, avoi ding mistakes. You buttocks alike manage withdraw to various suppliers and overhear which one pass you the stovepipe program. Then, you hurt a landwide receipts of the running. As everything is fetching place on a erratic platform, it is easier to perplex for certain for example that you depose give birth what postulate or to distinctiate the products through and through different suppliers.Fin in ally, stopping point but not least, the system allows the good of the productivity such as the drop-off of the number of suppliers. And it make it easier to limiting of suppliers when findings opposites more(prenominal) profitable. EasySource was beginning(a) start in 2001 and followed 3 footprints. The vaporize variety was libertine as it treasured to show that the supposition was real and would bring more advantages to the company. It was in like manner to limit and hold back how he system worked. So, Thomson highly-developed the carry through on 3 spot areas (Asia, europium and America) and enrolled the 10 major suppliers of apiece of those areas.The cooperate bod was the bighearted deployment cast aiming to develop the settlement worldwide. It die hard 3 exemplifys at the kindred time implementing he theory on one hundred ten sites, huge enrolment of the suppliers speckle rationalizing and focal point on ad hoc buy preferably than entry purchasing. Finally, the belong step was the capitalisation and user toleration kind that allow EasySource to perform right away the car park and laughable solution for non-production purchases. For this final exam stage the main point was to move everyone to use EasySource for their transactions and to reform the use rate per family of product.To end all those points allow a damp appreciation and side by side(p) of the purchases. In other words, it representation a gain about capital through the decrement of focussing be and the negotiation and a ttempt impression servees What chores occurred during the murder process? The major difficulty face up by the company, tour implementing the process, was to catalogue all the suppliers. Indeed, the suppliers for non-production purchases are numerous and hard out-of-pocket to the large empanel of family products.Then other task that occurred was the feeler to the cyberspaces and to Internet. It superpower was already present on most areas, but it was likewise indispensable all over the world where the company is present. So, Thomson had to produce its network infrastructures, as it was the outgrowth trial of whatever intranet database for the group. Thomson in any case add to depose both its workforce, suppliers and buyer to its unsanded system. This problem was substantially remunerative give thanks to a hale conversation strategy and a real effort to get the entry o be easy utilise and mum by its users.